Fri, Apr 26, 2024
[Archive]
Volume 2, Issue 4 (11-2020)
IJMCL 2020, 2(4): 20-29 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Keshavarz M, Dehghanizade J. (2020). The Effects of Gender and Type of Stimulus Presentation on Serial Reaction Time. IJMCL. 2(4), 20-29. doi:10.29252/ijmcl.2.4.21
URL: http://ijmcl.com/article-1-85-en.html
URL: http://ijmcl.com/article-1-85-en.html
Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran , jalal.dehghanizade@yahoo.com
Abstract: (3003 Views)
Background: Serial Reaction Time (SRT) is a simple task specifically designed to examine reaction time and learn implicit sequences.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of gender (male and female) and type of stimulus (orderly and disorderly) on the serial reaction time.
Methods: The sample included 30 students of physical education (15 males & 15 females). All subjects were right-handed and none had a history practice serial reaction time task. To measure the reaction time was used a serial-reaction time test (SRTT), that was included 8 blocks and stimulants were presented on the screen for blue, yellow, red and green and participants responded to stimuli with non-dominant hand. To investigate the effects of gender and type of stimuli was used repeated measures ANOVA test.
Results: The results showed that gender has not significant effect on response time, but has significant effects of the stimulus presentation on reaction times and reaction time higher in stimuli disorderly.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that exercise can be effective on reaction time and eliminate gender differences in reaction time. Also, implicit learning during the implementation serial reaction time of orderly stimulus is affected in the reaction time.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of gender (male and female) and type of stimulus (orderly and disorderly) on the serial reaction time.
Methods: The sample included 30 students of physical education (15 males & 15 females). All subjects were right-handed and none had a history practice serial reaction time task. To measure the reaction time was used a serial-reaction time test (SRTT), that was included 8 blocks and stimulants were presented on the screen for blue, yellow, red and green and participants responded to stimuli with non-dominant hand. To investigate the effects of gender and type of stimuli was used repeated measures ANOVA test.
Results: The results showed that gender has not significant effect on response time, but has significant effects of the stimulus presentation on reaction times and reaction time higher in stimuli disorderly.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that exercise can be effective on reaction time and eliminate gender differences in reaction time. Also, implicit learning during the implementation serial reaction time of orderly stimulus is affected in the reaction time.
Type of Study: Original Article |
Subject:
1. Motor learning
Received: 2020/07/21 | Accepted: 2020/10/14
Received: 2020/07/21 | Accepted: 2020/10/14
References
1. Abdoli, B., Ashayeri, H., Baqerzadeh, F., Farrokhi, A (2004). Comparison of the effect of latent and overt learning on chain reaction time. Move. 19, 23-40. [in persian]
2. Adleman, N. E., Chen, G., Reynolds, R. C., Frackman, A., Razdan, V., Weissman, D. H., et al. (2016). Age-related differences in the neural correlates of trial-totrial variations of reaction time. Dev. Cogn. Neurosci, 19, 248-257. [DOI:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.05.001]
3. Ali, B. B., Oueslati, O., & Dugas, É. (2018). A Smart Wireless System for Modeling Visual Searching Behavior and Assessing Reaction Time in Sports and Rehabilitation Activities. International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Applications (ICBEA), 1-6, IEEE. [DOI:10.1109/ICBEA.2018.8471734]
4. Atan, T., & Akyol, P. (2014). Reaction times of different branch athletes and correlation between reaction time parameters. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2886-2889. [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.674]
5. Balko, S., Simonek, J., Balko, I., Heller, J., Chytry, V., Balogova, K., & Gronek, P. (2020). The influence of different caffeine doses on visual and audial reaction time with different delay from its consumption. Science & Sports. [DOI:10.1016/j.scispo.2019.11.004]
6. Bayless, DW., Darling, JS., Stout, WJ., Daniel, JM. (2012). Sex differences in attentional processes in adult rats as measured by performance on the 5-choice serial reaction time task. Behavioral Brain Research, 235, 48- 54. [DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.07.028]
7. Bennett, Natalie. (2011). Sex Differences in Intelligence Areas and Response Time Tasks. Honors Research Thesis. The Ohio State University.
8. Botwinick, J., & Thompson, L. W. (1966). Components of reaction time in relation to age and sex. The Journal of genetic psychology, 108(2), 175-183. [DOI:10.1080/00221325.1966.10532776]
9. Bruinsma, B., Terra, H., de Kloet, S. F., Luchicchi, A., Timmerman, A. J., Remmelink, E., ... & Mansvelder, H. D. (2019). An automated home-cage-based 5-choice serial reaction time task for rapid assessment of attention and impulsivity in rats. Psychopharmacology, 236(7), 2015-2026. [DOI:10.1007/s00213-019-05189-0]
10. Brychta, P., Hojka, V., Heller, J.A.N., Konarski, J.A.N.M., Coufalova, K., Ruda, T., 2013. A comparison of reaction times of boys and girls aged 10-11 and 14-15 years. Trends Sport.Sci 20 (3), 147-152.
11. Çakmakçı, E., Tatlıcı, A., Kahraman, S., Yılmaz, S., Ünsal, B., & Özkaymakoğlu, C. (2019). Does once-a-week boxing training improve strength and reaction time? Uluslararası Sport Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi, 5(2), 88-92. [DOI:10.18826/useeabd.552086]
12. Der, G., & Deary, I. J. (2006). Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey. Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 62-73. [DOI:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.62]
13. Dykiert, D., Hall, D., van Gemeren, N., Benson, R., Der, G., Starr, J.M., Deary, I.J., 2010. The effects of high altitude on choice reaction time mean and intra-individual variability: results of the Edinburgh Altitude Research Expedition of 2008. Neuropsychology 24 (3), 391. [DOI:10.1037/a0018502]
14. Gómez-López, M., et al. (2017). Relative age effect in handball players of Spain. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(2), 705-711. ISSN 2247-8051.
15. Greenhouse, I., King, M., Noah, S., Maddock, R. J., and Ivry, R. B. (2017). Individual differences in resting corticospinal excitability are correlated with reaction time and GABA content in motor cortex. J. Neurosci. 37, 2686-2696. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3129-16.2017]
16. Hascelik, Z., Basg€oze, O., Türker, K., Narman, S., Ozker, R., 1989. The effects of physical training on physical fitness tests and auditory and visual reaction times of volleyball players. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. 29 (3), 234-239.
17. Hong, Y., Alvarado, R. L., Jog, A., Greve, D. N., & Salat, D. H. (2020). Serial Reaction Time Task Performance in Older Adults with Neuropsychologically Defined Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, (Preprint), 1-10. [DOI:10.3233/JAD-191323]
18. Karia, R. M., Ghuntla, T. P., Mehta, H. B., Gokhale, P. A., & Shah, C. J. (2012). Effect of gender difference on visual reaction time: A study on medical students of Bhavnagar region. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 2(3), 452-454. [DOI:10.9790/3013-0230452454]
19. Kozina, Z., et al. (2017). Comparative characteristics of psychophysiological indicators in the representatives of cyclic and game sports. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(2), 648-655. ISSN 2247-8051.
20. Kuan, Y. M., Zuhairi, N. A., Manan, F. A., Knight, V. F., & Omar, R. (2018). Visual reaction time and visual anticipation time between athletes and non-athletes. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 1, 135-141.
21. Kuang, S. (2017). Is reaction time an index of white matter connectivity during training? Cognitive Neuroscience, 8(2), 126-128. [DOI:10.1080/17588928.2016.1205575]
22. Lauridsen, M.M., Grønbæk, H., Næser, E.B., Leth, S.T., Vilstrup, H., 2012. Gender and age effects on the continuous reaction times method in volunteers and patients with cirrhosis. Metab. Brain Dis. 27 (4), 559-565. [DOI:10.1007/s11011-012-9318-6]
23. Le Mansec, Y., Dorel, S., Nordez, A., & Jubeau, M. (2019). Is reaction time altered by mental or physical exertion? European journal of applied physiology, 119(6), 1323-1335. [DOI:10.1007/s00421-019-04124-7]
24. Martin, F.H., Garfield, J., 2006. Combined effects of alcohol and caffeine on the late components of the event-related potential and on reaction time. Biol. Psychol. 71 (1), 63-73. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.01.004]
25. Maslovat, D., Klapp, S. T., Forgaard, C. J., Chua, R., & Franks, I. M. (2019). The effect of response complexity on simple reaction time occurs even with a highly predictable imperative stimulus. Neuroscience Letters, 704, 62-66. [DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2019.03.056]
26. Nejati, V., Ashayeri, H., Grossi Farshi, M & Aghdasi, M (2008). Investigating the role of knowing the sequence of motor sequences in learning it. Research in Sports Science, 15, 59-147. [in persian]
27. Nikam, L. H., & Gadkari, J. V. (2012). Effect of age, gender and body mass index on visual and auditory reaction times in Indian population. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 56(1), 94-99
28. Obetko, M., Babic, M., & Peráček, P. (2019). Changes in disjunctive reaction time of soccer goalkeepers in selected training load zones. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 19, 420-426.
29. Pancar, Z., Özdal, M., Pancar, S., & Biçer, M. (2016). Investigation of visual and auditory simple reaction time of 11-18 aged youth. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science.
30. Pietsch, S., Jansen, P (2012). Different mental rotation performance in students of music, sport and education. Journal of Learning and Individual Differences, 22,159-163. [DOI:10.1016/j.lindif.2011.11.012]
31. Raichur, N., (2013) Assessment of Audio-Visual Reaction Time in drivers. Journal of Bioscience & Technology, 4 (1), 508-512.
32. Ramanathan, M., Eswari, R., Bhavanani, A. B., Prathima, G. S., & Sanguida, A. (2019). Yoga training enhances auditory and visual reaction time in children with autism spectrum disorder: A case-control study. SBV Journal of Basic Clinical and Applied Health Science, 2(1), 8-13. [DOI:10.5005/jp-journals-10082-02103]
33. Robertson EM. (2007)."The serial reaction time task: implicit motor skill learning". J Neuro science 27: PP:10073-10075. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2747-07.2007]
34. Ros, T., Munneke, M.A.M., Parkinson, L.A., Gruzelie, J.H. (2013). Neurofeedback facilitation of implicit motor learning, 04.013, 95:54-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.04.013]
35. Sant'Ana, J., Franchini, E., da Silva, V., Diefenthaeler, F., 2017. Effect of fatigue on reaction time, response time, performance time, and kick impact in taekwondo roundhouse kick. Sports BioMech. 16 (2), 201-209. [DOI:10.1080/14763141.2016.1217347]
36. Shelton, J., & Kumar, G. P. (2010). Comparison between Auditory and Visual Simple Reaction Times. Neuroscience & Medicine, 01 (01), 30-32. [DOI:10.4236/nm.2010.11004]
37. Silverman, I. (2006). Sex differences in simple visual reaction time: A historical meta-analysis. Sex Roles, 54(1-2), 57-68. [DOI:10.1007/s11199-006-8869-6]
38. Spierer, D., Petersen, R., Duffy, K., Corcoran, B. & Rawls-Martin, T. (2010). Gender influence on response time to sensory stimuli. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(4), 957-963. [DOI:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c536]
39. Syamala Devi, Kala Madhuri N. (2017). Comparative study of visual and auditory reaction times on the basis of gender and physical activity levels of medical students. MedPulse International Journal of Physiology, 4(1) 04-06.
40. Wadoo, O. K., Sayeed, S. I., & Rouf, M. (2019). Effect of Gender and Physical activity on Visual and Auditory reaction time in young Adults. International Journal, 2(2), 462.
41. Wang J. (2009). "Reaction-time training for elite athletes: a winning formula for champions". International Journal of Coaching Science, 3(2), 67-78.
42. Willingham, D. B., Wells, L. A., Farrell, J. M., & Stemwedel, M. E. (2000). Implicit motor sequence learning is represented in response locations. Memory & cognition, 28(3), 366-375. [DOI:10.3758/BF03198552]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and Permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). |
Publisher
- Iranian Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology Association (IMBSPA)
